PMC

Amplification of the pwB gene in the micro- and macronucleus of three caryonides derived from the autogamy of d4-95. Lane 0, wild type; lanes 1–3, the original autogamous caryonides of d4-95; lanes 1′–3′ first mass autogamous progeny of the original autogamous caryonides; and lanes 1″–3″, second mass autogamous progeny of the original autogamous caryonides. (A) Semiquantitative PCR with IES-specific primers so that only the micronuclear version of the pwB gene and the PAK1 gene as a control () is amplified. (B) Southern blot of EcoRI-digested total genomic DNA. Heterogeneous amplified units (black arrowheads) together with a normal restriction fragment (∼3.4 kb, white arrowhead) can be seen.

(A) Immunostaining of Pgm in early autogamous cells subjected to control (ND7) or PGM RNAi. (B) Immunostaining of PgmL1 in early autogamous cells subjected to control (L4440) or PGML1 RNAi. (C) Immunostaining of PgmL5a and b in early autogamous cells subjected to control (L4440) or PGML5a and b RNAi. (D) Immunodetection of PgmL3a-FLAG in early autogamous cells injected with a PGML3a-FLAG fusion transgene (top panel). No FLAG signal was detected using the α-FLAG in non-injected cells (bottom panel). Developing MACs are indicated by white arrowheads. Scale bar is 10 μm.

An obligate autogamous species Epipactis albensis. (A) a habit of plant; (B) details of flower secreted nectar. Hypochile (basal part of a labellum) with nectar are marked with red arrows (C) E. albensis: parts of the flower (1) pollinium; (2) hypochile and (3) epichile, apical part of the labellum

Differences in probability of occurrence, distribution range and niche breadth among autogamous, facultative autogamous and allogamous Epipactis species. F. autoamy, facultative autogamy.